An Interesting Paper on Clandestine Communication in Historic China by Dr. Ralph Sawyer

Those who are interested in historical Chinese warfare, should click here for a paper on “Clandestine Communication in Historic China.”  It was presented last October at the Symposium on Cryptologic History by Dr. Ralph D. Sawyer. 

This paper may be read online or freely downloaded as a PDF file at Journal of Military Strategic Studies.

The Tao of Spycraft

Some aspects of the article could be found in Dr. Sawyer's Spycraft book.


Who is Dr. Ralph D. Sawyer
Ralph D. Sawyer, an independent historical scholar who studied at MIT and Harvard and serves as a consultant to international conglomerates and defense agencies, specializes in Chinese military and intelligence issues. He is Senior Research Fellow with the Warring States Project and a Fellow of the Centre for Military and Strategic Studies.